Iranian International Journal Of Social Sciences
Volume:12 Issue: 2, Spring 2022

Since Yangtze River basin is an important source of Chinese civilization, in modern times, Nuo as a folk sacrifice ceremony in Jiangsu is a division of Chinese Nuo culture. Nuo culture is the oldest and most vigorous intangible cultural heritage in China. It is derived from expulsion spell and witchcraft in ancient hunting times to deal with the wild animal, it is rooted in nature, totem worship, ancestral worship, god worship. Culture is a construction of signs, verbal signs are texts of sacred books (script of Tongzi drama), chanting of Nuo practitioners, written announcement by ink brush around the sacred shelter, and non-verbal signs including various artifacts, works of art are viewed as tangible signs. Auspicious thoughts, customs and folk beliefs belong to intangible signs. This study deals with semiotic analysis of Yancheng nuo in Jiangsu. It aims to find out the cultural connotations of its sign systems. The source of data was taken from fieldwork and interviews. Based on innovative classification of signs, it tries to explore the semiotic transformations between tangible signs and intangible signs.

Trust is one of the most important concepts in social life and human relations that provides the basis for social interactions between members of society. Increases in society, is one of the factors affecting the social trust of television programs that the type of program can help strengthen or reproduce it. Given the importance of social trust, the present study explains the role of television programs. In the representation of social trust in Iran (case study: New Age Program). In order to assess trust, 400 citizens of Tehran were selected by non-social sampling method of available type. This research has been done by survey method and with the help of a questionnaire. The data obtained from the questionnaire have been described and analyzed using statistical methods in two sections: descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The results indicate that there is a significant relationship between the variables of watching modern television programs with institutional trust and public trust and social trust. Also, the relationship between watching the New Age TV program with interpersonal trust was not confirmed, so the New Age program is effective in reproducing social trust.

This study examines the impact of effective social factors on students' academic stress. An attempt has been made to focus on the sources of social stress in education from the perspective of students. For this purpose, inspired by Brown and Clark (2006), a thematic analysis method to analyze the research data. The study's statistical population consists of male and female students of Qom Technical and Vocational University in the 2020-2021 academic year. A purposive sampling method has been adopted to collect the data, using the semi-structured individual interview. Based on the theoretical saturation, twenty-one students were interviewed. According to the findings of the present study there are some serious concerns about the verbal violence, psychosocial environment of classrooms, unfair comparison of students with each other, procrastination, social anxiety, family tensions, multiplicity, expectations, and lack of a sense of self-efficacy as sources of academic stress in the social environment of the classroom that can considerably intensify academic stress.

The present study aims at reading Ian McEwan’s Atonement according to Pierre Bourdieu’s (1930-2002) theory of class distinction. The novel depicts the society as a field in which autonomous forces function. The characters can be considered as agents of society whose strategic interactions define their social aspects. In the other words, they are affected by the power in society which can be transferred through what Bourdieu calls ‘habitus’. According to him, habitus refers to an individual system through which the subject sees the surrounding society. What affects this system is mostly the social background of the subject during his life. Accordingly, different and distinct social classes with their own unique capital and taste are shaped. Atonement depicts how two opposite poles – symbolically reflected between Robbie’s and Cecilia’s intimacy – fail to attract each other in the social field by different habitus of distinct social classes. The study attempts to account for different forces that have affected characters’ habitus and distinct classes.

Due to its direct and beneficial impact on the social, economic, cultural, and educational activities of nations, the tourism business is of utmost significance in the modern world. Travel by visitors to each other's countries is the primary means through which cultural exchanges occur. As a good example of this diversity, the Islamic Azad University of Marvdasht has been able to take meaningful steps in several scientific and cultural sectors. Contribute to the advancement of the scientific and cultural growth of society at the municipal, regional, national, and even worldwide levels. The focus of (Marvdasht Branch) is to attract visitors. In this survey-based study, the capacities of the Islamic Azad University of Fars Province (Marvdasht Branch) are examined. Students and university administrators of the Islamic Azad University of Fars Province, Marvdasht Branch; Tourists and managers of the General Directorate of Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts, and Tourism of Fars Province comprise the statistical population of the current research. To evaluate the study hypotheses, a researcher-made questionnaire, a one-sample t-test, and SPSS software were used. The sample size was calculated using Cochran's formula, and 392 individuals were picked using a cluster sampling approach. The findings demonstrated that the cultural potential of Marvdasht city and the tourism facilities of the Islamic Azad University of Fars Province (Marvdasht branch) have a significant influence in drawing visitors to this city.

Social networks such as Instagram are very effective due to having a large audience, high accessibility and the ability to spread messages quickly and widely. An important part of this impact is related to messages posted by celebrities. The main question of this study is what messages they choose and highlight for their followers, and the theories of network society, Agenda-setting, and Halo Effect have been used to explain it. The research method is quantitative content analysis. The research population was the posts of Instagram users from Iran who have a large followers; the sample was last 200 posts from 20 Iranians who have the most followers on Instagram. This study has the content validity and the evaluator reliability. Research findings show that celebrities emphasize their personal and work concerns more than anything else. They also pay attention to some current issues such as social issues, people's economic problems, or the corona pandemic. They pay a lot of attention to presentation of self and a kind of self-obsession and narcissism is seen in the posts, which causes the followers, consciously or unconsciously, to focus too much on themselves and presentation of self.

Because there are two main concerns in health interventions: prevention and treatment, there is typically a demand for the latter, but there may be none for the former. As a result, one of the most important considerations in determining which services to prioritize is to ensure that public health and clinical activities are balanced and appropriate. However, the researcher was inspired to create a model for measuring the performance of the health system in the Social Security Organization because of the lack of a performance measurement pattern. Given these two issues, the researcher created a model for measuring the performance of the health system in the Social Security Organization. The current study is of the basic-applied kind, and its goal is to find out more about it. It was exploratory in nature, with a temporal component; cross-sectional in nature, with a technique that combined qualitative and quantitative methodologies. The statistical population of this research includes experts and health experts from around the nation, who were selected using non-random and judgmental procedures, and the sample size was determined using the theoretical saturation rule. Questionnaires, interviews, and documents were utilized to gather information. The content (judgmental) validity of the current study questionnaire was validated, and the questionnaire's reliability was confirmed using qualitative research methodologies such as methodological coherence, sample appropriateness, and simultaneous data collection and analysis. The Wellman model open coding table was used to examine the qualitative content of the study, while Chang's descriptive techniques and enhanced fuzzy hierarchical decision-making methods were utilized to assess the quantitative material. Internal processes (0.35), social responsibility (0.24), customer (0.11), health (after treatment) (0.09), health (after prevention and care) (0.07), growth and learning (0.069), and financial (0.069) are the seven perspectives required by the balanced scorecard model to measure the performance of the health system, according to the research findings (0.052). In addition, for these seven viewpoints, a total of 46 indicators were found and weighed. According to the above findings, using a health perspective in both treatment and prevention, care and social responsibility perspectives, as well as the perspectives presented by Kaplan and Norton, is essential for the establishment of a performance measurement system for the Social Security Organization's health system. It's also a good idea to pay close attention to the signs that carry greater weight

The study aimed to investigate the effect of teaching organizational citizenship behavior on the quality of working life of staff. The research had a quasi-experimental method. The statistical population included all staff of Farhangian University of West Azerbaijan Province. 50 people were randomly selected as the sample size and were assigned to experimental and control groups. The research tools were Walton's organizational citizenship behavior and quality of working life training package. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistics (analysis of covariance). The results showed that organizational citizenship behavior training affected the quality of work life of staff. Organizational citizenship behavior training was effective on fair and adequate payment, safe and healthy work environment, provision of opportunities for growth and continuous security, general living space, legalism in the labor organization, social dependence of work life, social integration and cohesion in the labor organization and human capabilities development.

One of the epistemological debates on the nature of technology is its actual and potential functions as envisioned by its formal and efficient causes. The review of the related literature demonstrates that technology has traditionally been phenomenalized, in the sense that it is neither a tool nor an application. It is rather a genesis, in the sense that it creates   a unity of a noumenon by human being’s sensory-behavioral structures. Through genesis, this phenomenon determines our situation under the zero-infinity binary. Against this backdrop, the present study scrutinizes the function of communicative technologies and the virtual space against the backdrop of indeterminacy and indecision. It touches upon the linguistic nature of this phenomenon and its relation to human existence. The question to be discussed is: how can cyber ethics be talked about under the process that the zero-one binary is regenerated endlessly and infinitely despite human’s static situation? The central question is: How can the problem of indeterminacy and indecision in the cyberspace lead to a crisis in the real world? It is argued that the indecision in the cyberspace originates from the fact that we are witnessing a syntactic shift in the verification principle. With this epistemological shift in contextualizing the cyberspace, this paper makes an attempt to discuss the possible shifts in the cyber space policy.

With an aim of understanding participation rules in Arbaeen pilgrimage and its policy implications, this project studies participation in Arbaeen pilgrimage especially the service providers and helpers (Mukebdars and Khadems in Persian) who provide the pilgrims with food and accommodation service and other needed services, have the most involvement in the ritual, and prepare the ground for almost all other kinds of participation in the pilgrimage. Population of the study is limited to Iranian pilgrims. At the first step, we explored theoretical and conceptual aspects of the event and reviewed the available literature on collective participation to comprehend the phenomenon. Using the notion of “social field” in sociology literature, we classified Arbaeen collective participation field into three groups of visible, semi-hidden, and hidden. In the second step, after collecting qualitative data through in-depth semi-structured interviews with the Iranian Mukebdars, we described in detail dimensions and elements of “participation flow” and “participation ground”. Finally, we offered the recommendations for policy makers in regard to design and management of crowd participation plans according to the application-oriented aspects of this model.